section+3+The+commercial+North

Section 3: The Commercial North Main Idea: The Northern Colonies developed a predominantly urban society, based on commerce and trade. Why does it matter now: The states that were once the Northern colonies remain predominantly urban today.

=**Commerce Grow in the North**=

The Theory of mercantilism goes to make the North distinctive compared to the South. They grew multiple crops, not like the South.

Pennsylvania and New York raised varieties of crops and livestock including- -wheat -corn -cattle -hogs

Other ways of **commericial economy** developed such as- -Grinding Wheat -Harvesting fish

Growth in Trade caused development in port cities. Philadelphia, one of port cities, started off the effective grid like street plan. //However//, high concentration of people cause huge problems like- -lack of water and abundance of waste

=**Northern Society is Diverse**=

Germans and Scot-Irish were the dominant non-English immigrants; Germans arrived in Pennsylvania Scot-Irish arrived in Philadelphia Others= Dutch migrated to New York, Scandinavian in Delaware, and Jews in Newport

WHEAT and CORN needed much less labor, which resulted no desire for slaves. Slaves in the North had some rights, unlike the South, such as- -ability to sue -right of appeal

UPRISING occurred in 1712, but lead to execution of 21 people.

Women, like the South, had work responsibilities, but few legal rights. -voting was not allowed -Singles was allowed to work

Due to the strict rules in the colonies, relations with Native Americans was not good, and it related with religious fanaticism.

February 1692, Salem girls accused a West Indian slave women, of practicing witchcraft.

=**New Ideas Influence the Colonists**=

In the 1700s, ideas about nature movement created the Enlightenment.

Benjamin Franklin - embraced notion of obtaining truth through experimentation and reasoning.

Colonist leaders such as Thomas Jefferson used reason to conclude that individuals have nature rights.
 * Questions the authority of British monarchy.

Jonathan Edwards, a passionate preacher, created a movement of Great Awakening, lasting throughout the 1730s and 1740s.

This movements brought many colonist into organizations of Christian Churches.
 * It better challenged the existing Church

It also brought high level of education to colonist. -People founded colleges such as Princeton, Brown, Columbia, and Dartmouth.

These all collaborate and create one single idea *Questioning the authority*